Tadoba National Park

Tadoba National Park: Where Wildlife Thrives in Harmony

Introduction:
Tadoba National Park, also recognized as Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, stands as Maharashtra's oldest and largest national park, proudly contributing to India's 47 project tiger reserves. Nestled in the Chandrapur district, approximately 150 km from Nagpur city, this reserve spans a vast 1,727 sq.km. The amalgamation of Tadoba National Park (established in 1955) and Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary (formed in 1986) gave rise to the Tadoba Andheri Tiger Reserve in 1995. The name 'Tadoba' derives from the local tribal people's praise for the God "Tadoba" or "Taru," while "Andhari" is inspired by the Andhari river flowing through the area.

Historical Legends:
The park's history intertwines with a mythological tale of a man turned deity. Taru, a Gond tribal and village headman, encountered a mighty tiger at a local lake. The outcome of their battle varies in different versions, but Taru's legendary status was cemented. A shrine in his honor and the surrounding lake and forests came to be known as Tadoba, with 'Taru' evolving into 'Tadoba.'

Historical Timeline:
- Gond Rule: The Gond kings ruled the region for centuries.
- Maratha and British Rule: Marathas took control in the 18th century, followed by British rule a century later.
- Forest Management: Tadoba's forests became part of the 'Raj,' focusing on timber protection rather than wildlife conservation.
- Conservation Efforts: In 1931, restrictions were imposed on animal shooting, and a sanctuary was declared in 1935.
- National Park Status: Tadoba gained national park status in 1955, initially focusing on forest exploitation.
- Closure of Hunting Blocks: The 1970s saw the closure of hunting blocks, although illegal hunting persisted.
- Wildlife Sanctuary: In 1986, the Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary was notified.
- Tiger Reserve Establishment: Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve was established in 1993, merging the national park and wildlife sanctuary.

Flora and Fauna:
- Flora: The southern tropical dry deciduous forest dominates, featuring teak, bamboo, ain, bija, dhauda, hald, salai, semal, and tendu.
- Fauna: Tadoba boasts about 88 tigers (2018 census), diverse mammals, reptiles (including marsh crocodiles and Indian pythons), 195 bird species, and 74 butterfly species.

Tourist Attractions:
- Natural Beauty: Dense forests, Tadoba Lake, lush meadows, and sprawling valleys.
- Proximity to Attractions: Erai Dam, Mahakali Mandir (Chandrapur), Urjanagar Lake, Nagpur, Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary, and Navegaon National Park.

Best Time to Visit:
- Winter: December to February for basking animals.
- Post-Monsoon: October for lush greenery.
- Summer: April to June, ideal for tiger sightings.

Safari Activities:
Jeep safaris are available with morning and afternoon timings, offering a chance to witness the vibrant wildlife.

How to Reach:
- By Air: Nagpur 140 km is the nearest airport.
- By Rail: Chandrapur (49 km) and Nagpur (151 km) are the closest railheads.
- By Road: Chandrapur and Chimur serve as the nearest bus stops, connected to various cities in Maharashtra.

Embark on a journey into the heart of nature, where Tadoba National Park unfolds its tapestry of diverse life and timeless tales.